INTRODUCTION
I. World experience of sulfur utilisation
II. Methods of sulfur utilisation
II.1. Production of building materials (sulfur concrete, sulfur asphalt, production of cement on the basis of sulfur, impregnation with sulfur)
II.2. Use of sulfur for production of new kinds of mineral fertilizers and plant-protecting agents
II.3. Application of sulfur and its compounds as additives to oils and polymers
II.4. Production of extra-pure sulfur
II.5. Processing of sulfur and its compounds to obtain sulfides and polysulfides
III. Methods of sulfur storing
III.1. Experience in storing of sulfur at various Russian enterprises
IV. Russian organizations, involved in sulfur utilisation
IV.1. LLC "VNIIGAZ" (Moscow)
IV.2. GUP NIIZhB (Moscow)
IV.3. State Scientific Center of Russia "Gintsvetmet" (Moscow)
IV.4. Innovation Center "Chemical technologies and equipment" (The Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa)
IV.5. Norilsk industrial institute (Norilsk)
IV.6. Kazan’ state technological university (The Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan’)
V. Russian enterprises, realising (planning introduction) methods of sulfur utilisation
V.1. LLC "Astrakhan’gazprom", LLC "JV Inter-S" (Astrakhan’)
V.2. Polar Division of JSC "MMC Norilsk Nickel" (Norilsk)
V.3. JSC "Sredneuralsk copper smelter" (Revda, Sverdlovsk region)
V.4. JV "Berlek" JSC "Bashkortostanneftezavodstroi" (The Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa)
V.5. LLC "Ecology" (The Republic of Tatarstan, Nizhnekamsk)
VI. Conclusions. Forecast of introducing methods of sulfur utilisation in Russia
Appendix 1: Contact information on organizations, involved in sulfur utilisation
Appendix 2: Contact information on companies, realizing methods of sulfur utilisation
List of Tables:
Table 1: Conventional classification of various forms of elemental sulfur
Table 2: Strength characteristics of sulfur concrete and concrete on the basis of cement
Table 3: Properties of sulfur concrete
Table 4: Summary table of physico-mechanical properties asphalt-bitumen mixes
Table 5: Physico-mechanical properties of concrete before and after impregnation with sulfur and MMA
Table 6: Physico-mechanical properties of cement mortar before and after impregnation with sulfur solution
Table 7: Angle of repose of mix “gaseous sulfur – bentonite” depending on their ratio
Table 8: Fertility and quality of potatoes, influenced by modified gaseous sulfur
Table 9: Time of thermostability of PVC compounds
Table 10: Physico-mechanical properties of polysulfides
Table 11: Properties of bitumen-sulfide binding material
Table 12: Composition of sulfur concrete, offered by Norilsk Industrial Institute, and their characteristics
Table 13: Decreasing strength factor of sulfur concrete depending of its water saturation
Table 14: Strength factor of sulfur concrete under frost influence Table 15: Physico-mechanical characteristics of sulfur concrete of optimal composition
List of Figures:
Figure 1: Flow sheet of production of polysulfides from sulfur and silica gel wastes and materials on their basis
Figure 2: Flow sheet of production of polysulfide and bitumen-polysulfide binding materials |